Sobre la desensibilización sistemáticauna técnica superada o renombrada
- Laura Vallejo-Slocker 1
- Miguel A. Vallejo 2
-
1
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
info
-
2
Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
info
ISSN: 1578-908X
Year of publication: 2016
Issue Title: Infancia y adolescencia: Factores de protección y vulnerabilidad [Childhood & Adolescence. Protective & Vulnerability]
Volume: 13
Issue: 2
Pages: 157-168
Type: Article
More publications in: Acción psicológica
Abstract
This paper constitutes a reflection about the pioneer Systematic Desensitization (SD), which bases seem to have been assumed by more popular procedures. Although SD fell into oblivion; its foundations remain as part of new approaches such as the Relational Frame Theory or mindfulness and targets a wide range of disorders besides specific phobias. Theoretically speaking and in comparison, with other exposition techniques, SD contributes in a better way to the reduction of anxiety by: relaxation, calibration of the exposures and a long-lasting learning of an alternative response within a varied stimulating context that favors generalization process. Moreover, SD is better accepted by patients and is a flexible procedure with consolidated bases. These serve as sufficient arguments to revalue this technique.
Bibliographic References
- Capafóns, J. I, Sosa, C. D. y Avero, P. (1997). La desensibilización sistemática en el tratamiento de la fobia a viajar en transporte aéreo. Psicothema, 9(1), 17-25.
- Cavalari, R. N. S., DuBard, M., Luiselli, J. K. y Birtwell, K. (2013). Teaching an adolescent with autism and intellectual disability to tolerate routine medical examination: effects of a behavioral compliance training package. Clinical Practice in Pediatric Psychology, 1(2), 121-128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/cpp0000013
- Coldwell, S. E., Wilhelm, F. H., Milgrom, P., Prall, C. W., Getz, T., Spadafora, A., … y Ramsay, D. S. (2007). Combining alprazolam with systematic desensitization therapy for dental injection phobia. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 21, 871-887. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2007.01.001
- Dowling, N., Jackson, A. C. y Thomas, S. A. (2008). Behavioral interventions in the treatment of pathological gambling: a review of activity scheduling and desensitization. International Journal of Behavioral Consultation and Therapy, 4(2), 172-187.
- Echeburúa, E., De Corral, P. y Ortiz, C. (2008). Técnicas de exposición. En F. J. Labrador (Coord.), Técnicas de modificación de conducta (pp. 261-279). Madrid, España: Pirámide.
- Egbockuku, E. O. y Obodo, B. O. (2005). Effects of systematic desensitization (SD) therapy on the reduction of test anxiety among adolescents in Nigerian Schools. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 32(4), 298304.
- Field, A. y Cottrell, D. (2011). Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing as a therapeutic intervention for traumatized children and adolescents: a systematic review of the evidence for family therapists. Journal of Family Therapy, 33, 374-388. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.14676427.2011.00548.x
- Guthrie, E. R. (1952). The psychology of learning. New York: Harper.
- King, N. J., Heyne, D., Gullone, E. y Molloy, G. N. (2001). Usefulness of emotive imagery in the treatment of childhood phobias: clinical guidelines, case examples and issues. Theory and Practice, 14(2), 95-101.
- Koegel, R. L., Openden, D. y Koegel, L. K. (2004). A systematic desensitization paradigm to treat hypersensitivity to auditory stimuli in children with autism in family contexts. Research & Practice for Persons with Severe Disabilities, 29(2), 122-134.
- Koenig, K. P. y Henriksen, K. (2005). Cognitive manipulation of GSR extinction: analogues for conditioning therapies. Integrative Physiological & Behavioral Science, 40(3), 129-135.
- Labrador, F. J., Rosillo, M. y Fernández Sastrón, O. (2010). Evaluación y tratamiento de un caso de vómitos recurrentes en situaciones de interacción social heterosexual. Clínica y Salud, 118(1), 99-134.
- Labrador, F. J. y Crespo M. (2008). Desensibilización sistemática. En F. J. Labrador (Coord.), Técnicas de modificación de conducta (pp. 243-259). Madrid, España: Pirámide.
- Low, C. A., Stanton, A. L. y Bower, J. E. (2008). Effects of acceptance-oriented versus evaluative emotional processing on heart rate recovery and habituation. Emotion, 8(3), 419-424.
- Martin, P. R (2000). Headache triggers: to avoid or not to avoid, that is the question. Psychology and Health, 15, 801-809.
- McCullough, L. y Osborn, K. A. R. (2004). Short term dynamic psychotherapy goes to Hollywood: the treatment of performance anxiety in cinema. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 60(8), 841-852. http://dx.doi.org/0.1002/jclp.20042
- McGlynn, F. D., Smitherman, T. A. y Gothard, K. D. (2004). Comment on the Status of Systematic Desensitization. Behavior Modification, 28(2), 194205.
- Miller, W. R. y DiPilato, M. (1983). Treatment of nightmares via relaxation and desensitization: a controlled evaluation. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 51(6), 870-877.
- Neacsu, V., Sfearcu, I. R., Maru, N. y Dumitrache, M. A. (2014). Relaxation and systematic desensitization in reducing dental anxiety. Social and Behavioral Sciences, 127, 474-478. http://dx.doi.org/0.1016/j.sbspro.2014.03.293
- NICE (2011). Common mental health problems: identification and pathways to care. National Institute of Health and Care Excellence, 13-15.
- Ollendick, T. H. (2014) Advances toward evidencebased practice: where to from here? Behavior Therapy, 45, 51-55.
- Rescorla, R. A. y Wagner, A. R. (1972). A theory of Pavlovian conditioning: Variations in the effectiveness of reinforcement and nonreinforcement. En A. H. Black y W. F. Prokasy (Eds.), Clasical conditioning II: Current theory and research (pp. 64-99). Nueva York: AppletonCentury Crofts.
- Sherrington, C. S. (1961). Integrative action of the nervous system. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press (original, 1906).
- Tesarz, J., Leisner, S., Gerhardt, A., Janke, S., Seidler, G. H., Eich, W. y Hartmann, M. (2014). Effects of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) treatment in chronic pain patients: a systematic review. Pain Medicine, 15, 247-263.
- Törneke, N. (2010). Learning RFT. An introduction to relational frame theory and its clinical application. Canada: Context Press.
- Treanor, M. (2011). The potential impact of mindfulness on exposure and extinction learning in anxiety disorders. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 617-625.
- Triscari, M. T., Faraci, P., D’Angelo, V., Urso, V. y Catalisano, D. (2011). Two treatments for fear of flying. Compared cognitive behavioral therapy with systematic desensitization or eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Aviation Psychology and Applied Human Factors, 1(1), 9-14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/2192-0923/a00003
- Tryon, W. W. (2005). Possible mechanisms for why desensitization and exposure therapy work. Clinical Psychology Review, 25, 67-95.
- Tyner, S., Brewer, A., Helman, M. y Leon, Y. (2016) Nice doggie! Contact desensitization plus reinforcement decreases dog phobias for children with autism. Behavior Analysis in Practice, 9, 5457.
- Vurbic, D. y Bouton, M. E. (2014). A contemporary behavioral perspective on extinction. En F. K. McSweeney y E. S. Murphy (Eds.), Operant and classical conditioning (pp. 53-76). USA: Willey Blackwell.
- Wolpe, J. (1973). The practice of behavior therapy (2ª ed.). New York: Pergamon.
- Wolpe, J. (1978). Psicoterapia por inhibición recíproca. Bilbao, España: Desclée de Brouwer (Original 1958).
- Zettle, R. D. (2003). Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) Vs. systematic desensitization in treatment of mathematics anxiety. The Psychological Record, 53, 197-215.