Violencia a través de las TICel ciberacoso en escolares de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid

Abstract

Since the 1990s, new communication and information technologies, the Internet and mobile phones burst into society, so that the ways of relating were transformed, not only at a personal level but also in the economic, political, social and educational fields, which are more agile now, from anywhere and at any time; extraordinary technologies that also awakened in our young people the desire to dispose and enjoy the resources and services of entertainment that they provide. Nowadays, they are part of their lives; they represent modern instruments of socialization and have become a habitual communication tool in which there is also place for threats and aggression, in short, for digital abuse. In Spain, the research trajectory on violence between peers, bullying and cyberbullying, has been increased in recent times, although it is still scarce and few conclusive. The lack of homogeneity in the research methodology, as well as the heterogeneity of variables studied in different researches did not shed, prior to this study, enough conclusive results that allowed us to have a globalizing or determinant view on digital abuse in our country. Under this approach, and with the aim of increasing scientific knowledge about the cyberbullying phenomenon in Spain, we propose as a general objective to address this issue in a comprehensive way, including different perspectives such as social, educational, family and jurisdictional views, as well as an exploration of plans and the current programs aimed at prevention. The specific objectives of our investigation are: 1) To clarify terminologically what is the cyberbullying and its modalities, differentiating it from the face-to-face bullying; 2) To analyse the characteristic features of the main actors in cyberbullying situations (aggressor, victim, observers), as well as the main risk and the protection factors; 3) To review studies on the prevalence of this problem in Spain and its area of proximity; 4) To review the national and autonomous legislation on school socialization; 5) To analyse the existing socio-educational programs to work against cyberbullying; 6) To propose a comprehensive intervention program to fight against cyberbullying where work is integrated in the different stages of development of the problem and areas of action; and 7) To carry out a qualitative analysis of a cyberbullying detection situation in a real environment within an educational center of the Community of Madrid in order to know the perception that the different actors have on the problem of cyberbullying: students, teachers, school center... Our study, not only aims to make an analysis and systematize the existing academic literature, but also to present the available social resources to prevent victimization and to be accessible to the whole community - families, students, schools, teaching teams, public institutions or private and professional services-.