Unión Europea e integración comercial¿resulta relevante el efecto frontera?

  1. Martínez San Román, Valeriano
  2. Bengoa Calvo, Marta
  3. Sánchez-Robles Rute, Blanca
Revista:
Revista de economía mundial

ISSN: 1576-0162

Año de publicación: 2012

Número: 32

Páginas: 173-188

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openArias Montano editor

Otras publicaciones en: Revista de economía mundial

Resumen

Este artículo se centra en el estudio de la evolución de la integración comercial en la Unión Europea. Para ello se ha utilizado un enfoque basado en los efectos frontera aplicado sobre diecinueve países europeos durante el periodo 1995-2006. Hemos empleado un modelo gravitatorio como marco de análisis, en el que los flujos bilaterales de comercio dependen del tamaño económico de los países y la distancia que les separa. Además, hemos considerado otras variables como el idioma o el hecho de compartir frontera terrestre. Con el fin de obtener estimadores consistentes, evitar la posible heteroscedasticidad y tratar de una manera correcta la presencia de ceros en la muestra se ha empleado el método de estimación de pseudo-máxima verosimilitud de Poisson. Los resultados evidencian la existencia de efectos frontera en la UE, no obstante, dichos efectos frontera han disminuido a lo largo del periodo analizado alrededor de un 20-22% para la UE-19.

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