Componentes cognitivos que favorecen la adaptación social en la infanciaprevención del bullying desde la educación infantil

Zusammenfassung

This paper addresses the study of the influence of several cognitive elements on social adaptation in 3-5 years old children. Aggressive behaviours constitute a crucial element in the assessment of social adaptation process. The study considers some social and cognitive variables which are evaluated by a halfstructured interview, sociometric analyses, a checklist of positive and negative attributes to know the perceptions children held about their peers were employed, and a questionnaire about aggressive behaviours completed by teachers. The results showed the importance of considering social cognition in explaining aggressive behaviour. Specifically, children´s knowledge about how to solve interpersonal conflicts, and their ability to reason in a counterfactual way. According to the results, it would be necessary to design intervention strategies focused on the improvement of these aspects of social cognition.