The relationship of counterfactual reasoning and false belief understandingthe role of prediction and explanation tasks
- Antonio Contreras 1
- Juan Antonio García-Madruga 1
-
1
Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
info
ISSN: 1576-8597
Year of publication: 2020
Volume: 41
Issue: 2
Pages: 127-161
Type: Article
More publications in: Psicológica: Revista de metodología y psicología experimental
Abstract
The relation between the prediction and explanation of the false belief task (FBT) with counterfactual reasoning (CFR) was explored. Fifty eight 3-5 year-olds received a prediction or an explanation FBT, a belief attribution task and some counterfactual questions of increasing difficulty. Linguistic comprehension was also controlled. CFR highly predicted FBT in the explanation version but not in the prediction one. Additionally, results in the explanation version indicate that CFR underlies achievements prior to the understanding of the representational mind and stimulates the explicitness of the mental domain. This study identifies the conditions under which CFR becomes a fundamental cognitive tool for social cognition. The results obtained contribute to the dialog between the two major theoretical approaches: theory-theory and simulation theory.
Funding information
* Corresponding author: Antonio Contreras. Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology. UNED, Madrid (Spain). E-mail: acontreras@psi.uned.es. Acknowledgements. This research was conducted with the financial support of the project: EDU2014-56423-R, from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain. We thank children who voluntarily participated in this work as well as the teachers and direction of Spanish state pre-school and primary school of Leganés (Comunidad de Madrid).Funders
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