The Effect of Work Discrimination on the Well-being of Obese People

  1. Magallares Sanjuán, Alejandro
  2. Morales, F. Francisco
  3. Rubio del Castillo, Miguel Angel
Revista:
International journal of psychology and psychological therapy

ISSN: 1577-7057

Año de publicación: 2011

Volumen: 11

Número: 2

Páginas: 255-267

Tipo: Artículo

DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: International journal of psychology and psychological therapy

Resumen

La obesidad representa un importante problema de salud que afecta a millones de persona en los países industrializados. Esta condición, además de los problemas médicos que produce, tiene una dimensión social muy importante pero que no ha recibido la misma atención que otros aspectos de esta epidemia. En este estudio, en el cual participaron 110 pacientes obesos de hospitales españoles, se analiza cómo la discriminación el trabajo afecta el bienestar de las personas obesas. Mediante un diseño experimental se demuestra que la discriminación está asociada de forma negativa con el bienestar. También se pone de manifiesto que la relación entre discriminación y bienestar está mediada por las habilidades laborales de las personas obesas. Finalmente, se discute el posible efecto de la amenaza del estereotipo para las personas obesas en el área del trabajo.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Allon N (1982). The stigma of overweight in everyday life. In B Wolman (Ed.) Psychological aspects of obesity: A handbook (pp. 130-174). New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.
  • Averett S & Korenman S (1999). Black-white differences in social and economic consequences of obesity. International Journal of Obesity, 23, 166-173.
  • Ball K, Mishra G, & Crawford D (2002). Which aspects of socioeconomic status are related to obesity among men and women? International Journal of Obesity, 26, 559–565.
  • Baron RM & Kenny DA (1986). The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51, 1173-1182.
  • Baumeister R & Leary MR (1995). The need to belong: Desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529.
  • Branscombe NR, Schmitt MT, & Harvey RD (1999). Perceiving Pervasive Discrimination Among African Americans: Implications for Group Identification and Well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 135-149.
  • Carr D & Friedman MA (2005). Is Obesity Stigmatizing? Body Weight, Perceived Discrimination, and Psychological Well-Being in the United States. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 46, 244-259.
  • Chorot P & Navas JA (1995). Escala de auto-estima de Rosenberg (SES). Madrid: Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED).
  • Crisp AH & McGuinness B (1976). Jolly fat: Relation between obesity and psychoneurosis in general population. British Medical Journal, 1, 7-9.
  • Crisp, AH, Queenan, M, & Sittampaln Y (1980) “Jolly fat” revisited. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 24, 233-241.
  • Falkner NH, Neumark-Sztainer D, Story M, Jeffery RW, Beuhring T, & Resnick MD (2001). Social, Educational and Psychological Correlates of Weight Status in Adolescents. Obesity Research, 9, 32-42.
  • Haslam, DW & James WP (2005). Obesity. Lancet, 366, 1197–1209.
  • Hayden-Wade HA, Stein RI, Ghaderi A, Saelens BE, Zabinski M, & Wilfley DE (2005). Prevalence, Characteristics, and Correlates of Teasing Experiences among Overweight Children vs. Nonoverweight Peers. Obesity Research, 13, 1381-1392.
  • Hebl MR & Xu J (2001). Weighing the care: Physicians’ reactions to the size of a patient. International Journal of Obesity, 25, 1246-1252.
  • Jetten J, Branscombe NR, Schmitt MT, & Spears R (2001). Rebels with a Cause: Group Identification as a Response to Perceived Discrimination from the Mainstream. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 1204-1213.
  • Karris L (1977). Prejudice against obese renters. The Journal of Social Psychology, 101, 159-160.
  • Klesges R, Klem M, Hanson C, Eck L, Ernst J, O’Laughlin D, Garrott A, & Rife R (1990). The effects of applicant’s health status and qualifications on simulated hiring decisions. International Journal Of Obesity, 14, 527-35.
  • Larkin JC & Pines HA (1979). No fat persons need apply: experimental studies of the overweight ste- No fat persons need apply: experimental studies of the overweight stereotype and hiring preference. Sociology of Work and Occupations, 6, 312-327.
  • Loh ES (1993). The economic effects of physical appearance. Social Science Quarterly, 74, 420–437.
  • Miller CT & Downey KT (1999). A meta-analysis of heavyweight and self-esteem. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 3, 68-84.
  • Ohayon MM (2007). Epidemiology of depression and its treatment in the general population. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 41, 207-213.
  • Pelham BW & Swann WB (1989). From self-conceptions to self-worth: The sources and structure of self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 672-680.
  • Register CA & Williams DR (1990). Wage effects of obesity among young workers. Social Science Quarterly, 71, 130-141.
  • Roehling MV (1999). Weight-based discrimination in employment: psychological and legal aspects. Personnel Psychology, 52, 969-1017.
  • Roehling MV, Roehling PV, & Pichler S (2007). The relationship between body weight and perceived weight-related employment discrimination: The role of sex and race. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 71, 300-318.
  • Rosenberg M (1989). Society and the Adolescent Self-Image. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press.
  • Rosmond R & Björntorp P (2000). Quality of life, overweight, and body fat distribution in middle-aged men. Behavioral Medicine, 26, 90-94.
  • Schmitt MT, Branscombe NR, & Postmes T (2003). Women’s emotional responses to the pervasiveness of gender discrimination. European Journal of Social Psychology, 33, 297-312.
  • Schulte P, Wagner G, Ostry A, Blanciforti L, Cutlip R, Krajnak K, Luster M, Munson A, O’Callaghan J, Parks C, Simeonova P, & Miller D (2007). Work, Obesity, and Occupational Safety and Health. American Journal of Public Health, 97, 428-436.
  • Scott KM, Bruffaerts R, Simon GE, Alonso J, Angermeyer M, Girolamo G, Demyttenaere K, Gasquet I, Haro JM, Karam E, Kessler RC, Levinson D, Medina ME, Oakley MA, Ormel J, Villa JP, Uda H, & Von Korff M (2008). Obesity and mental disorders in the general population: results from the world mental health surveys. International Journal of Obesity, 32, 192–200.
  • Spencer SJ, Steele C, & Quinn DM (1999). Stereotype Threat and Women’s Math Performance. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 35, 4-28.
  • Stangor C, Swim JK, Sechrist GB, DeCoster J, Van Allen KL, & Ottenbreit A (2003). Ask, Answer, and Announce: Three stages in perceiving and responding discrimination. European Review of Social Psychology, 14, 277-311.
  • Tunceli K, Li K, & Williams LK (2006). Long-Term Effects of Obesity on Employment and Work Limitations Among U.S. Adults, 1986 to 1999. Obesity, 14, 1637-1646.
  • Veenhoven R (2004). Qué es lo que mis profesores no me dijeron con respecto a la felicidad. Conferencia de Calidad de Vida y Psicología. V Congreso Nacional de Estudiantes de Psicología Comunitaria, Antofagasta, Chile, 27 de agosto de 2004.
  • Wadden TA, Foster GD, Stunkard AJ, & Linowitz JR (1989). Dissatisfaction with weight and figure in obese girls: discontent but not depression. International Journal Of Obesity, 13, 89-97.
  • World Health Organization (2000). Technical report series 894: Obesity: Preventing and managing the global epidemic. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet