El maremágnum de las reformas electorales en Italiauna necesaria recapitulación

  1. Fernández Esquer, Carlos 1
  1. 1 Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
    info

    Universidad Autónoma de Madrid

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/01cby8j38

Revue:
Revista de estudios políticos

ISSN: 0048-7694

Année de publication: 2020

Número: 187

Pages: 71-100

Type: Article

DOI: 10.18042/CEPC/REP.187.03 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

D'autres publications dans: Revista de estudios políticos

Objectifs de Développement Durable

Résumé

Italy represents an exceptional case in comparative perspective as far as its electoral system is concerned. Since the restoration of democracy after the Second World War to the present, up to six different electoral laws have been passed for the Chamber of Deputies. Moreover, during the so-called Second Italian Republic, the country has witnessed four electoral systems: Mattarellum (1993), Porcellum (2005), Italicum (2015) and Rosatellum (2017). This paper aims to summarize the electoral reforms that took place in Italy. Thus, this contribution sheds light on the different types of electoral systems used at the Italian national level and its effects, and discusses what have been the most relevant characteristics of their reform processes as well. The main conclusions highlight that the electoral reform processes have been different from each other, fitting one of them in the elite-mass interaction type and others in the elite-majority imposition one. In addition, against what had been usual in this issue, this paper stress the crucial role played by the Italian Constitutional Court as the main triggering actor of electoral reforms in its judgments 1/2014 and 35/2017

Références bibliographiques

  • Baldini, G. (2011). The Different Trajectories of Italian Electoral Reforms. West European Politics, 34 (3), 644-663. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402382.2011.555988.
  • Baraggia, A. (2017). Italian Electoral law: A Story of an Impossible Transition? Election Law Journal, 16 (2), 272-279. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1089/elj.2016.0405.
  • Bartolini, S., Chiaramonte, A. y D`Alimonte, R. (2004). The Italian Party System between Parties and Coalitions. West European Politics, 27, 1-19. Disponible en: https://doi.org/ 10.1080/01402380412331280783.
  • Benoit, K. (2007). Electoral Laws and Political Consequences: Explaining the Origins and Change of Electoral Institutions. Annual Review of Political Science, 10, 363-390. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.polisci.10.072805.101608.
  • Caciagli, M. (1998). Hacia la Segunda República: los nuevos sistemas electorales de Italia. En J. Montabes (ed.). El sistema electoral a debate: veinte años de rendimientos del sistema electoral español (1977-1997) (pp. 147-164). Madrid: Centro de Investigaciones Sociológicas; Parlamento de Andalucía.
  • Ceccarini, L. y Bordignon, F. (2017). Referendum on Renzi: The 2016 vote on the Italian constitutional revision. South European Society and Politics, 22 (3), 281-302. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/13608746.2017.1354421.
  • Chiaramonte, A. (2015). The Unfinished Story of Electoral Reforms in Italy. Contemporary Italian Politics, 7 (1), 10-26. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/23248823.2014.1 002244.
  • Chiaramonte, A. y D’Alimonte, R. (2018). The new Italian electoral system and its effects on strategic coordination and disproportionality. Italian Political Science, 13 (1), 8-18.
  • Chiaramonte, A., Emanuele,V., Maggini, N. y Paparo, A. (2018). Populist Success in a Hung Parliament: The 2018 General Election in Italy. South European Society and Politics, 23 (4), 479-501. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/13608746.2018.1506513.
  • D`Alimonte, R. (2005). Italy: A case of Fragmented Bipolarism. En M. Gallagher y P. Mitchell (eds.). The Politics of Electoral Systems (pp. 253-276). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1093/0199257566.003.0012.
  • D`Alimonte, R. (2007). Il nuovo sistema elettorale. Dal collegio uninominale al premio di maggioranza. En R. D’Alimonte y A. Chiaramonte (eds.). Proporzionale ma non solo. Le elezioni politiche del 2006 (pp. 51-88). Bolonia: Il Mulino.
  • D`Alimonte, R (2015). The new Italian Electoral System: Majority-assuring but minority-friendly. Contemporary Italian Politics, 7 (3), 286-292. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/2 3248823.2015.1093280.
  • D`Alimonte, R y Chiaramonte, A. (1995). Il nuovo sistema elettorale italiano: le opportunità e le scelte. En S. Bartolini y R. D’Alimonte (eds.). Maggioritario ma non troppo. Le elezioni politiche del 1994 (pp. 37-81). Bolonia: Il Mulino.
  • Donovan, M. (1995). The Politics of Electoral Reform. International Political Science Review, 16 (1), 47-64. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/019251219501600104.
  • Duverger, M. (1960). La repubblica tradita. Milán: Edizioni di Comunitá.
  • Fernández Esquer, C. (2019). El creciente activismo de la Corte Constitucional italiana ante las reformas del sistema electoral nacional. Anuario Iberoamericano de Justicia Constitucional, 23 (1), 209-230. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.18042/cepc/aijc.23.07.
  • Floridia, A. (2018). Electoral systems and concepts of democracy: electoral reform as a permanent policy issue in the Italian political system. Contemporary Italian Politics, 10 (2), 112-131. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/23248823.2018.1469269.
  • Fusaro, C. (2016). La nueva ley electoral italiana de 2015, un reto para el parlamentarismo débil. Teoría y Realidad Constitucional, 38, 547-574. Disponible en: https://doi. org/10.5944/trc.38.2016.18594.
  • Golden, M. A. (2003). Electoral Connections: The Effects of the Personal Vote on Political Patronage, Bureaucracy and Legislation in Postwar Italy. British Journal of Political Science, 33 (2), 189-212. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0007123403000085.
  • Groppi, T. (2008). Formas de gobierno y sistemas electorales en Italia. Revista Española de Derecho Constitucional, 83, 153-173.
  • Katz, R. (1996). Electoral reform and the transformation of party politics in Italy. Party Politics, 2, 31-55. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1177/1354068896002001002.
  • Katz, R. (2001). Reforming the Italian Electoral Law, 1993. En M. S. Shugart y M. P. Wattenberg (eds.). Mixed-Member Electoral Systems: The Best of Both Worlds? (pp. 96-122). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1093/019925768X.003.0006.
  • Katz, R. (2005). Why are there so Many (or so Few) Electoral Reforms?. En M. Gallagher y P. Mitchell (eds.). The Politics of Electoral Systems (pp. 57-76). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1093/0199257566.003.0003.
  • Lijphart, A. (1997). The Difficult Science of Electoral Systems: A Commentary of the Critique by Alberto Penadés. Electoral Studies, 16 (1), 73-77. Disponible en: https://doi. org/10.1016/S0261-3794(96)00058-3.
  • López Aguilar, J. F. (1987). Un comentario al informe de la Comissione Bozzi. Revista Española de Derecho Constitucional, 21, 137-176.
  • Massetti, E. (2006). Electoral Reform in Italy: From PR to Mixed System and (almost) Back Again. Representation, 42 (3), 261-269. Disponible en: https://doi.org/ 10.1080/00344890600844848.
  • Massetti, E. y Farinelli, A. (2019). From the Porcellum to the Rosatellum: «political elite-judicial interaction» in the Italian laboratory of electoral reforms. Contemporary Italian Politics, 11 (2), 137-157. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/23248823.2019.1609770.
  • Newell, J. L. (2006). The Italian Election of May 2006: Myths and Realities. West European Politics, 29, 802-813. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402380600842437.
  • Newell, J. L. y Bull, M. J. (1993). The Italian Referenda of April 1993: Real Change at Last. West European Politics, 16, 607-615. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/01402389308424994.
  • Nohlen, D. (2004). Sistemas electorales y partidos políticos. México: Fondo de Cultura Económica.
  • Núñez, L. y Jacobs, K. (2016). Catalysts and barriers. Explaining electoral reform in Western Europe. European Journal of Political Research, 55(3), 454-473. Disponible en: https:// doi.org/10.1111/1475-6765.12138.
  • Olivetti, M. (2015). La reforma electoral italiana de 2015. Cuadernos de Pensamiento Político, 47, 35-52.
  • Pappalardo, A. (1995). La nueva ley electoral italiana. Revista de Estudios Políticos, 89, 61-80.
  • Pasquino, G. (2007). Tricks and Treats: The 2005 Italian Electoral Law and Its Consequences. South European Society and Politics, 12 (1), 79-93. Disponible en: https://doi. org/10.1080/13608740601155500.
  • Pasquino, G. (2015). Italy has yet another electoral law. Contemporary Italian Politics, 7 (3), 293-300. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/23248823.2015.1070513.
  • Piretti, M.ª S. (2003). La legge truffa: il fallimento dell`ingegneria politica. Bolonia: Il Mulino.
  • Presno, M. A. (1994). La reforma electoral en Italia. Revista Española de Derecho Constitucional, 40, 133-159.
  • Quagliariello, G. (2003). La legge elettorale de 1953. Bolonia: Il Mulino.
  • Renwick, A. (2010). The Politics of Electoral Reform. Changing the Rules of Democracy. Cambridge: Cambrdige University Press. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511676390.
  • Renwick, A., Hanretty, C. y Hine, D. (2009). Partisan self-interest and electoral reform: The new Italian electoral law of 2005. Electoral Studies, 28 (3), 437-447. Disponible en: https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.electstud.2009.04.003.
  • Sartori, G. (1976). Parties and Party Systems: A Framework of Analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Scoppola, P. (1997). La repubblica dei partiti: evoluzione e crisi di un sistema politico: 1945-1996. Bolonia: Il Mulino.
  • Shugart, M. y Wattenberg, M. P. (2001). Mixed-Member Electoral Systems. A Definition and Tipology. En M. S. Shugart y M. P. Wattenberg. Mixed-Member Electoral Systems. The Best of Both Worlds? (pp. 9-24). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Disponible en: https:// doi.org/10.1093/019925768X.003.0002.
  • Venturino, F. (2001). Presidentialization in Italian Politics: The Political Consequences of the 1993 Electoral Reform. South European Society and Politics, 6 (2), 27-46. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1080/714004947.
La source de données: Dialnet