Perception of vulnerability and ruminant thoughts about COVID-19 in spanish students

  1. José María Figueredo 1
  2. Cristina García Ael 1
  3. Gabriela Topa 1
  1. 1 Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia
    info

    Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia

    Madrid, España

    ROR https://ror.org/02msb5n36

Revista:
EJIHPE: European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education

ISSN: 2174-8144 2254-9625

Año de publicación: 2022

Volumen: 12

Número: 10

Páginas: 1463-1470

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.3390/EJIHPE12100101 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: EJIHPE: European Journal of Investigation in Health, Psychology and Education

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

The current situation in schools in relation to COVID-19 can generate a decrease in academic performance due to factors intrinsic to students. Therefore, rumination about COVID-19 could interfere with students’ attention, resulting in a decrease in their academic performance. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the perception of vulnerability to the disease and rumination about COVID-19 from a cross-sectional sample of post-compulsory education students. The differences in the perception of vulnerability to disease and rumination in different groups were analyzed, separated by gender. Our data suggest a positive relationship between the perception of vulnerability to the disease and ruminants’ thoughts about COVID-19 (r = 0.29). Gender differences are significant, with women having higher scores than men in both variables.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Ahorsu, D.K.; Lin, C.-Y.; Imani, V.; Saffari, M.; Griffiths, M.D.; Pakpour, A.H. The fear of COVID-19 scale: Development and initial validation. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2020, 20, 1537–1545.
  • Ando’, A.; Giromini, L.; Ales, F.; Zennaro, A. A Multimethod Assessment to Study the Relationship between Rumination and Gender Differences. Scand. J. Psychol. 2020, 61, 740–750.
  • Bakker, A.B.; van Wingerden, J. Rumination About COVID-19 and Employee Well-Being: The Role of Playful Work Design. Can. Psychol. Can. 2021, 62, 73–79.
  • Brosschot, J.F.; Gerin, W.; Thayer, J.F. The perseverative cognition hypothesis: A review of worry, prolonged stress-related physiological activation, and health. J. Psychosom. Res. 2006, 60, 113–124.
  • Constantin, K.; English, M.M.; Mazmanian, D. Anxiety, depression, and procrastination among students: Rumination plays a larger mediating role than worry. J. Ration.-Emot. Cogn.-Behav. Ther. 2018, 36, 15–27.
  • Daches, S.; Mor, N.; Winquist, J.; Gilboa-Schectman, E. Brooding and attentional control in processing self-encoded information: Evidence from a modified Garner task. Cogn. Emot. 2010, 24, 876–885.
  • De Coninck, D.; d’Haenens, L.; Matthijs, K. Perceived vulnerability to disease and attitudes towards public health measures: COVID-19 in Flanders, Belgium. Pers. Individ. Dif. 2020, 166, 110220.
  • Díaz, A.; Beleña, Á.; Zueco, J. The Role of Age and Gender in Perceived Vulnerability to Infectious Diseases. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17, 485.
  • Duncan, L.; Schaller, M.; Park, J. Perceived vulnerability to disease: Development and validation of a 15-item self-report instrument. Personal. Individ. Differ. 2009, 47, 541–546.
  • Espinosa, F.; Martin-Romero, N.; Sanchez-Lopez, A. Repetitive Negative Thinking Processes Account for Gender Differences in Depression and Anxiety During Adolescence. Int. J. Cogn. Ther. 2022, 15, 115–133.
  • Fernández-Marcos, T. The Interference of Rumination on Attention. Ph.D. Thesis, Autonomous University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain, 2018.
  • Fuster-Ruiz de Apodaca, M.J.; Molero, F.; Gil de Montes, L.; Agirrezabal, A.; Toledo, J.; Jaen, A.; Spanish Group for the Study of HIV-Related Stigma. Evolution of HIV-related stigma in Spain between 2008 and 2012. AIDS Care 2014, 26 (Suppl. 1), S41–S45.
  • Garnefski, N.; Kraaij, V. Specificity of relations between adolescents’ cognitive emotion regulation strategies and symptoms of depression and anxiety. Cogn. Emot. 2018, 32, 1401–1408.
  • Hill, M.E.; Prokosh, M.L.; del Prione, D.J. The impact of perceived disease threat on women’s desire for novel dating and sexual partners: Is variety the best medicine? J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 2015, 109, 244–261.
  • Hong, W.; Liu, R.-D.; Ding, Y.; Fu, X.; Zhen, R.; Sheng, X. Social Media Exposure and College Students’ Mental Health during the Outbreak of COVID-19: The Mediating Role of Rumination and the Moderating Role of Mindfulness. Cyberpsychol. Behav. Soc. Netw. 2021, 24, 282–287.
  • Joormann, J. Cognitive inhibition and emotional regulation. Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. 2010, 19, 161–166.
  • Kavvadas, D.; Kavvada, A.; Karachrysafi, S.; Papaliagkas, V.; Cheristanidis, S.; Chatzidimitriou, M.; Papamitsou, T. Stress, Anxiety and Depression Prevalence among Greek University Students during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Two-Year Survey. J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11, 4263.
  • Koch, I.; Gade, M.; Schuch, S.; Philipp, A. The role of inhibition in task switching: A review. Psychon. Bull. Rev. 2010, 17, 1–14.
  • Krys, S.; Otte, K.P.; Knipfer, K. Academic performance: A longitudinal study on the role of goal-directed rumination and psychological distress. Anxiety Stress Coping. 2020, 33, 545–559.
  • Li, Y.; Wang, A.; Wu, Y.; Han, N.; Huang, H. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Mental Health of College Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Psychol. 2021, 12, 669119.
  • Luhmann, M.; Hofmann, W.; Eid, M.; Lucas, R.E. Subjective well-being and adaptation to life events: A meta-analysis. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 2012, 102, 592–615.
  • Luttenbacher, I.; Breukel, J.S.; Adamson, M.M. The Mediating Role of Rumination in the Relationship between Loneliness and Depression in University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. COVID 2021, 1, 447–457.
  • Lyubomirsky, S.; Kasri, F.; Zehm, K. Dysphoric Rumination Impairs Concentration on Academic Tasks. Cogn. Ther. Res. 2003, 27, 309–330.
  • Lyubomirsky, S.; Tkach, C. The consequences of dysphoric rumination. In Rumination: Nature, Theory, and Treatment of Negative Thinking in Depression; Papageorgiou, C., Wells, A., Eds.; John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, UK, 2003; pp. 21–41.
  • Magallares, A.; Fuster-Ruiz De Apodaca, M.J.; Morales, J.F. Psychometricproperties and criterionvalidityofthePerceived Vulnerabilityto DiseaseScale (PVD) in theSpanishpopulation/Propiedades psicométricas y validez de criterio de la escala de Percepción de Vulnerabilidad a la Enfermedad (PVE en población española). Rev. Psicol. Soc. 2017, 32, 164–195.
  • Nikolova, I.; Caniëls, M.C.J.; Curseu, P.L. COVID-19 Rumination Scale (C-19RS): Initial psychometric evidence in a sample of Dutch employees. Int. J. Health Plan. Manag. 2021, 36, 1166–1177.
  • Nolen-Hoeksema, S.; Wisco, B.E.; Lyubomirsky, S. Rethinking rumination. Perspect. Psychol. Sci. 2008, 3, 400–424.
  • Polizzi, C.; Lynn, S.J.; Perry, A. Stress and coping in the time of COVID-19: Pathways to resilience and recovery. Clin. Neuropsychiatry 2020, 17, 59–62.
  • Reeve, J. Compassionate Play: Why playful teaching is a prescription for good mental health (for you and your students). J. Play Adulthood 2021, 3, 6–23.
  • Santos, A.C.; Simões, C.; Cefai, C.; Freitas, E.; Arriaga, P. Emotion regulation and student engagement: Age and gender differences during adolescence. Int. J. Educ. Res. 2021, 109, 101830.
  • Satici, B.; Saricali, M.; Satici, S.A.; Griffiths, M.D. Intolerance of Uncertainty and Mental Wellbeing: Serial Mediation by Rumination and Fear of COVID-19. Int. J. Ment. Health Addict. 2020, 1–12.
  • Smith, J.M.; Alloy, L.B. A roadmap to rumination: A review of the definition, assessment, and conceptualization of this multifaceted construct. Clin. Psychol. Rev. 2009, 29, 116–128.
  • Tybur, J.M.; Lieberman, D.; Griskevicius, V. Microbes, mating, and morality: Individual differences in three functional domains of disgust. J. Pers. Soc. Psychol. 2009, 97, 103–122.
  • Vorontsova-Wenger, O.; Ghisletta, P.; Ababkov, V.; Barisnikov, K. Relationship Between Mindfulness, Psychopathological Symptoms, and Academic Performance in University Students. Psychol. Rep. 2021, 124, 459–478.
  • Watkins, E.; Brown, R.G. Rumination and executive function in depression: An experimental study. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry 2002, 72, 400–402.
  • Whitmer, A.J.; Gotlib, I.H. An attentional scope model of rumination. Psychol. Bull. 2013, 139, 1036–1061.
  • Whitton, N. Playful learning: Tools, techniques, and tactics. Re Learn. Technol. 2018, 26, 2035.
  • Yamada, K.; Victor, T.L. The impact of mindful awareness practices on college student health, well-being, and capacity for learning: A pilot study. Psychol. Learn. Teach. 2012, 11, 139–145.
  • Ye, B.; Wu, D.; Im, H.; Liu, M.; Wang, X.; Yang, Q. Stressors of COVID-19 and stress consequences: The mediating role of rumination and the moderating role of psychological support. Child Youth Serv. Rev. 2020, 118, 105466.
  • Ye, B.; Zhou, X.; Im, H.; Liu, M.; Wang, X.Q.; Yang, Q. Epidemic Rumination and Resilience on College Students’ Depressive Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic: The Mediating Role of Fatigue. Front. Public Health 2020, 8, 560983.
  • Yıldırım, M.; Geçer, E.; Akgül, Ö. The impacts of vulnerability, perceived risk, and fear on preventive behaviours against COVID-19. Psychol. Health Med. 2021, 26, 35–43.
  • Yıldırım, M.; Güler, A. Factor analysis of the COVID-19 Perceived Risk Scale: A preliminary study. Death Stud. 2020, 46, 1065–1072.