Estudio neuropsicológico del eje impulsividad-compulsividad y la sensibilidad a la recompensa en pacientes en tratamiento a la adicción a sustancias

Abstract

Over the years, numerous neuroscientific models have been proposed to understand addictions from a global neuroscience perspective and with emphasis on their applications for assessment and rehabilitation. Models based on the transition between impulsivity, or the search for immediate reward, and compulsivity, or momentary relief of discomfort, and the allostasis and stress model explain addiction as a transition from an initial phase in which drugs are consumed for their reinforcing effects, with individuals with high levels of impulsivity being more vulnerable, to a phase of dependence in which consumption behaviors are transformed into compulsive rituals that are maintained despite their negative consequences. In 2008, the Research Domain Criteria Project (RDoC) was launched, based on transforming diagnosis by incorporating genetics, neuroimaging, cognitive science and other levels of information, to lay the foundations for a new system of classification and understanding of mental disorders...