Propuesta de abordaje integral en la gestión de proyectos complejos de ingenieríaAplicación a las misiones de paz de la ONU

Abstract

ABSTRACT As stated in the different PMI guides (PMBoK), a project is a temporary effort to achieve a unique result. A UN peacekeeping operation (PKO) is also a project and obtains a unique result, peace. In addition, in a world where the VUCA environment (Volatility, Uncertainty, Complexity and Ambiguity) is a faithful reflection of an increase in management variability, and in decision-making, both in companies and in countries, it is necessary from a strategic framework, to be able to address how to deal with this situation of uncertainty. A transcendental element when managing a project is adopting the right approach to succeed in achieving that unique result. To do this, the type of approach, complexity and risk must be integrated into the decision area. The central hypothesis of this research work is to relate a chosen approach to manage a project, with the success achieved, through the tools found in project management and apply them, in this case, to a PMO for better management, including complexity and risks. Said tool is confronted with the need to confirm that the application of a certain approach can determine the success or not of a peace mission. A review of the concepts of complexity, risk and success of a project is carried out. The theoretical results obtained are applied to three UN peacekeeping missions, UNMISS in the Republic of South Sudan, MONUSCO in the Democratic Republic of Congo, and MINUSTAH in the Republic of Haiti. Keywords: Project management, Complexity, Risk management, Peacekeeping operations, UNMISS, MONUSCO, MINUSTAH.