Una revisión crítica sobre la aplicación de estimulación cognitiva en el contexto gerontológico

  1. Alejandro Borrego-Ruiz 1
  1. 1 Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED) España
Journal:
Escritos de psicología

ISSN: 1138-2635,  1989-3809

Year of publication: 2024

Volume: 17

Issue: 1

Pages: 31-43

Type: Article

DOI: 10.24310/ESCPSI.17.1.2024.18566 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

More publications in: Escritos de psicología

Abstract

La estimulación cognitiva es una de las intervenciones no farmacológicas más utilizadas en poblaciones de adultos mayores. Muchos estudios que evalúan su eficacia presentan sesgos y debilidades metodológicas que conducen a la sobreestimación del efecto del tratamiento, dificultando la atribución concluyente de las mejoras observadas tras la intervención. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue realizar una revisión crítica de estudios recientes y escritos en lengua castellana, a través de un análisis comparativo en el que se aplicaron ocho indicadores de calidad. El proceso de búsqueda y cribado dio como resultado una selección de once estudios. Los resultados muestran que tan solo un 27.3% de la selección cumple con los ocho criterios evaluados. Al respecto, un 45.5% de los estudios no describen la intervención implementada, ni las características de las sesiones, y un 63.6% presenta un tamaño de muestra insuficiente como para garantizar efectos de tratamiento confiables. Aunque los potenciales beneficios de la estimulación cognitiva parecen ser evidentes, se debe priorizar el rigor y el compromiso en el desarrollo de la investigación, a fin de minimizar sesgos, reforzar la calidad metodológica, permitir la replicación, y responder satisfactoriamente a las demandas científicas actuales.

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