1. Policía y justicia predictiva en Españaanálisis actual y reflexión crítica

Abstract

Spain has limited experience –perhaps due to the absence of specific regulation- in AI for police prediction. However, there are very relevant instruments that, in a first systematization, we can classify in those systems currently used and in a generalized way by the State Security Forces and Bodies (FCSE), which are Veripol and Viogen and, secondly, those initiatives that do not enjoy such widespread use, have been initiated but subsequently abandoned or have only been pilot experiences. These are, among others, the Predictive Policing Systems (SIG), with a strong interference in the fundamental rights of people. In the same way, it does not have excessive predictive justice instruments, although there are some that have an important impact on the process and execution of the sentence, which are the jurimetry systems and tools such as Ris Canvi, used in Catalonia, and in which the judges of penitentiary institutions rely when granting permits. This paper aims to critically analyze the aforementioned instruments and their impact on criminal justice as well as the fit of the future uses of artificial intelligence in our criminal justice from a perspective respectful of procedural guarantees but at the same time, not immobile, that is, bearing in mind the advantages offered by artificial intelligence in acceleration –and, at some point, greater efficiency- of the criminal process.